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When other antidepressants don't work, some people find relief from an older class of medications - MAO inhibitors. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) were the first type of antidepressant to be used, starting in the 1950s. MAOIs relieve depression by preventing the enzyme monoamine oxidase from breaking down the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine in the brain. Higher levels of these chemicals result, and mood is boosted. These drugs are used much less frequently now, because they can have dangerous side-effects.

For the small number of people for whom MAOIs are the best treatment, it is necessary to avoid certain foods that contain high levels of tyramine, such as many cheeses, wines, and pickles, as well as medications such as decongestants. The interaction of tyramine with MAOIs can bring on a hypertensive crisis, a sharp increase in blood pressure that can lead to a stroke. The doctor should furnish a complete list of prohibited foods that the patient should carry at all times. Other forms of antidepressants require no food restrictions.

Some people do find these medications to be lifesaving. For these people MAOIs can be the best treatment. As long as they are vigilant about their diet they can get real relief from their depression.

Nardil (phenelzine) - Information from the Depression Guide

Parnate (tranylcypromine) - Information from the Depression Guide

MAOI information from the Mayo Clinic

Marplan (isocarboxazid) information from DrugFinder

Back to Antidepressants

Last updated 2/26/06